Quinoa, spreading, Tatarian (Atriplex patula, A. tatarica)

There are about 200 species of quinoa, which are common in temperate and subtropical zones. These are herbs, subshrubs and shrubs with alternate leaves, often covered, like the stems, with a powdery coating. Flowers are in glomeruli, forming a spike-shaped or paniculate inflorescence. The most common in Russia quinoa spear-shaped, shiny, spreading, Tatar. All annuals. Row crops and grain crops, orchards, vineyards, and vegetable gardens are being littered everywhere. Sometimes they form entire thickets. Plants from the genus Mari are often called quinoa.

People say, “Quinoa is a disaster for crops,” since this plant is the most common garden weed. There are sayings about this in Dahl's dictionary. For example, this one: “We sowed rye, but we are mowing quinoa.” Indeed, it is rare to find a vegetable garden where among the beds there is not at least one bush of quinoa or its closest relative, mari.

The popular name for quinoa - goose's foot - corresponds to its appearance, since the outline of the leaves really resembles a goose's foot. In past times, quinoa was pressed, dried in rows, then threshed. This is how they stocked up on seeds that are very similar to poppy seeds. The ground meat was steamed, dried, ground and only then added to flour. Although the plant is considered an evil weed, its benefits in the household are considerable. Thus, quinoa is used to feed livestock; its tender spring shoots can be added to salads to enrich them with vitamins. The plant can be classified as a honey plant, since in the summer it helps bees by “feeding” them throughout the period of pollen deficiency (after the spring honey plants fade and before the summer ones bloom).

Quinoa seedlings appear throughout the summer. In the soil, especially in a weedy area, there are several thousand seeds per square meter, and every second seed turns out to be a quinoa seed.

Quinoa seeds have a fairly long shelf life; they can lie in the ground for 5-6 years without losing their viability. In water, quinoa seeds remain alive for 32 months, as their shell is waterproof. The fertility of quinoa is enormous - up to 100 thousand seeds from one plant.

Quinoa (Atriplex patula L.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: Flowers are collected in dense spike-shaped inflorescences. The pistillate flowers are enclosed in rhombic or ovate-rhombic bracts, mostly spear-shaped, sharp, usually with few teeth.
Leaves: Leaves are alternate (except for the lowest ones), petiolate, entire or serrated, from unequally rhombic or lance-shaped, hanging down and usually oriented with the edge towards the middle part of the stem, to lanceolate, obliquely directed upward on the branches and top of the plant. All leaves are green, one color on both sides.
Height: up to 90 cm.
Stem: Stem straight, branched.
Blooms from July to September, bears fruit from August.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: It grows along roads, wastelands, weed thickets, river banks, like a weed in gardens and fields.
Prevalence: Distributed in Europe, except the Far North, North Africa, the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Central Asia, North America. In Russia it grows throughout almost the entire territory of the European part, in the North Caucasus and Siberia. In Central Russia it is common in all regions.
Addition: Propagated by seeds; one plant can produce up to 6,000 seeds. In crops it occurs in the form of a specialized form with a low stem (no higher than 10 cm) and outstretched branches up to 40 cm long, which are not captured by the machine when mowing.

Coastal quinoa (Atriplex littoralis L.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: Flowers are collected in intermittent axillary spikes, often forming in turn paniculate inflorescences. The pistillate flowers are enclosed in two free, ovate-rhombic, finely toothed or almost entire bracts, almost to the base, 3-6 mm long, turning black.
Leaves: Leaves linear-lanceolate (entire) or lanceolate (sometimes notched-toothed).
Height: up to 75 cm.
Stem: The stem is straight, with alternate branches facing upward (except for the lower ones - opposite and ascending), strongly branched from the base.
Flowering and fruiting time:
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: Coastal quinoa grows on the coasts of water bodies (especially lakes and reservoirs), along river cliffs, on saline soils and damp places.
Prevalence: Distributed in the Black Sea region, Asia Minor and Central Asia, Iran, and northwestern China. In Russia it is found in the southern half of the European part and in the Ciscaucasia. In Central Russia it grows in the chernozem belt in steppe and semi-desert regions; it is also known to the north as an alien plant.
Addition: In Transcaucasia it forms the basis of food for wintering mallard ducks.

Quinoa (Atriplex oblongifolia Waldst.et Kit.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: Flowers in spike-shaped inflorescences, collectively forming a pyramidal panicle. Pistillate flowers with ovate or ovate-rhombic entire bracts, free almost to the base.
Leaves: Lower leaves are opposite, ovate, b. m. jagged, quickly dying; the upper ones are alternate, narrow, pulled together into a short petiole, pointed, entire or with sparse teeth, with edges narrowly turned back, less often almost sagittal, b.m. silvery due to “mealy” coating.
Height: 15-90(120) cm.
Stem: The stem is simple or branched, with upward directed lateral branches, strong, whitish-powdery at the top.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms from July to September, bears fruit from August.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: Quinoa oblongifolia grows along river banks, cliffs, slopes, saline steppes, and enters crops.
Prevalence: Distributed in Europe (on the East European Plain - only in the southern half), North Africa, the Caucasus, Western and Central Asia. In Russia it is found in the chernozem regions of the European part and in the Ciscaucasia. In Central Russia it grows mainly in the black earth zone; to the north it is a rare plant.

Quinoa (Atriplex hastata L.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: Flower glomeruli are collected in a spicate-paniculate inflorescence. The pistillate flowers are enclosed in two free sharp-triangular bracts almost to the base, which (though rarely) have 1-3 small denticles.
Leaves: All leaves or only the lower ones are opposite, from triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate, green, less often silvery, sometimes succulent.
Height: 20-100 cm.
Stem: Stem straight or ascending, with outstretched lower opposite branches.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms from July to September, bears fruit from August.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: Quinoa spearifolia grows on cliffs, slopes, along the banks of reservoirs, on roadsides and weedy (especially in cities) places, preferring slightly saline soils.
Prevalence: Distributed in Europe, North Africa, the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Central Asia, Iran, northwestern China, and Mongolia. In Russia it grows throughout the European part (except for the far north), in the North Caucasus and Siberia. In Central Russia it is found in all regions, but most often in the southern half.

Arrowhead or glossy quinoa (Atriplex sagittata Borkh.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: The flowers are collected in spike-shaped inflorescences, which together form a pyramidal panicle. There are two types of pistillate flowers: with a five-membered (or three-membered) perianth without bracts (there are fewer such flowers) and without a perianth, enclosed in two round-oval, entire naked bracts.
Leaves: Lower leaves are opposite, upper leaves are alternate, all petiolate, from triangular-ovate to lanceolate, coarsely notched-toothed, less often entire, green above, with a whitish powdery coating below.
Height: 60-150 cm.
Stem: With a simple or branched stem.
Seeds: The seeds of different flower forms are different: in the first - horizontal, 1-1.5 mm in diameter, convex, black, shiny, with a pericarp densely covered with short papillae; in the second - vertical, flat, matte, olive-brown, 3-4 mm in diameter.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in July-September, bears fruit in August.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: Arrow-leaved quinoa grows along the banks of reservoirs, clay slopes, in weed thickets, in vegetable gardens, and enters crops.
Prevalence: Distributed in Europe, except for the extreme northern regions, in the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Central Asia, Iran, and northwestern China. In Russia, it is found in the European part (the northern border of distribution runs approximately along the southern border of the taiga), in the Ciscaucasia and in the south of Western Siberia. In Central Russia it is known in all regions, but is more common in the black earth zone.
Addition: It is spread by seeds, which are carried by the wind along with the bracts. Mainly in the non-chernozem zone, a similar European species is occasionally found - Quinoa (Atriplex hortensis L.), differing from quinoa with glossy green leaves on both sides without a powdery coating, usually growing in vegetable gardens, orchards, in weedy places and extending into salt marshes.

Tatarian quinoa (Atriplex tatarica L.)

Description of appearance:
Flowers: Flowers in leafless terminal spike-shaped inflorescences. The pistillate flowers are enclosed in rhombic-arrow-shaped or three-lobed bracts fused up to half, the upper teeth of which are sometimes almost three times longer than the lateral ones.
Leaves: Leaves are petiolate, silvery-mealy, triangular-ovate or oblong-ovate, notched-toothed or lobed, the upper ones are often lanceolate.
Height: up to 100 cm.
Stem: With a straight or ascending branched stem.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms from July to October, bears fruit from August.
Lifespan: Annual plant.
Habitat: Tatarian quinoa is a common southern ruderal plant, found along roads, near housing, on pastures, and also on salt marshes.
Prevalence: Distributed in the southern half of Western and Central Europe, in Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, the Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Mongolia, and India. In Russia it grows in the European part, mainly in the chernozem regions, in the Ciscaucasia and in the south of Western Siberia. In Central Russia it is not uncommon in the south; in the non-chernozem zone it is known only as an alien plant.
Addition: In the chernozem regions of the European part, and as an alien species occasionally in the non-chernozem zone, the European Pink quinoa (Atriplex rosea L.)- an annual plant up to 90 cm high, with a whitish-powdery coating. The leaves are ovate or rhombic, notched-coarsely toothed.

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Synonyms.

Atriplex laciniata L., Atriplex arenaria J.Woods.

Systematic position.

Family Chenopodiaceae Vent., genus Quinoa Atriplex L.

Biological group.

Spring annual.

Morphology and biology.

The plant is 10-100 cm tall, with a straight or recumbent stem. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, triangular-ovate or oblong-ovate, less often narrower, notched-toothed or lobed, often hairy along the edge, very briefly pointed. The flowers are collected in leafless terminal spike-shaped inflorescences, leafy only in the lowermost part. Anther flowers are five-membered, pistillate flowers are 3-20 in whorls without a perianth, enclosed in two with fruits fused in the lower half, on a very short bract stalk. The seeds are round, shiny, bare, brown. Blossoms and bears fruit in July-September. The minimum temperature for seed germination is 3-4°C, the optimal temperature is 18-22°C.

Spreading.

Central and southern Europe, the Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor, Iran, Mongolia, Tibet, India, the Himalayas, North America and Australia - as an alien.
On the territory of the former USSR - the European part (in the north and west - as an alien), the Caucasus, the south of Western Siberia, Central Asia.

Ecology.

Heat resistant. Tolerates soil salinity well. It grows most luxuriantly on slightly saline soils, reaching human height. It grows in groups and forms thickets.

Economic importance.

A widespread weed, especially in steppe and desert zones. Weeds in cotton and alfalfa crops, in vegetable gardens, orchards, and vineyards. As a ruderal - on salt marshes, fallow lands, pastures, along roads, in river valleys. Protective measures: thorough soil cultivation, destruction of weeds in untreated areas.

QUONA TATAR - Atnplex littoralis L. Quinoa Tatar is an annual herbaceous plant 10-100 cm high. The stem is straight or ascending, branched. All leaves are alternate, triangular-ovate or oblong-ovate, notched-toothed, sometimes almost three-lobed, often hairy along the edge, silvery powdery on both sides or only below. The glomeruli, consisting of male flowers, are collected in dense, leafy spikes only in the lower part; female flowers in small numbers in the leaf axils. The bracts are fused to the middle, rhombic-arrow-shaped. Blooms in late summer. Distributed in Ukraine, Crimea, Belarus, in the European part of Russia (all regions except Karelo-Murmansk, Dvina-Pechora, Ladoga-Ilmensky), in Western Siberia (in the south of the Ob, Upper Tobolsk, Irtysh, southwest Altai regions), in Moldova, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. It grows on salt marshes along the banks of rivers, canals, irrigation ditches, on saline meadows, rocky slopes, as well as in waste areas, up to an altitude of 4500 m above sea level, forming thickets. The plant contains alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids 0.48-0.5%. Saponins were found in the seeds. In Turkmenistan, a decoction of the leaves is used for jaundice as a diuretic. A decoction of the seeds has a diuretic and emetic effect. The leaves are suitable for marinades, cabbage soup, vegetable dishes, and pickling. Perganos. 20 g of dry crushed leaves per 200 ml of water, boil over low heat for 3-4 minutes, leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day for jaundice, as a diuretic. FLAX Family Linum austriacum - Linaceae S. F. Gray. Austrian flax is a perennial herbaceous plant 10-70 cm high. Short, leafy, sterile shoots are developed at the base of the plant. Fruiting shoots are straight, branched at the top. Stem leaves are sessile, linear, acute, up to 1 cm in length. The inflorescence is paniculate, the flowers are five-membered. The sepals are sharp with a filmy edge, the petals are blue. The fruit is a capsule on strongly deflected, drooping pedicels. Grows in Ukraine (Carpathians, Dnieper region), in Crimea, in the European part of Russia (Volga-Don, Black Sea, Lower Volga regions), in Western Siberia (Upper Tobolsk, Irtysh regions), in Moldova, in the Caucasus (all regions), in Central Asia (northeast of the Aral-Caspian region). General distribution: Southern and Central Europe, Asia Minor, Iran. Grows in groups or scatteredly in grass or meadows, in steppes, on rocky, clayey, grassy slopes, forest clearings, edges, pebbles, among bushes, on chalk outcrops, on steppe and steppe slopes, along the edges of roads and fields, in gardens, vineyards, less often as a weed in crops. In the morning hours it often determines the blue aspect of the community, later the flowers close. It grows on chernozems and fertile meadow soils, as well as on clay and gravelly soils, and limestone slopes. The seeds are used for medicinal purposes. The plant contains essential oil, vitamins C, D, fatty oil, and contains 55% linoleic acid. Alkaloids, vitamin C, E, P, and carotene were found in the aerial part. The seeds contain fatty oil 21.3-38.5%. The seeds have enveloping, emollient, anti-inflammatory properties and are used for dysmenorrhea, gonorrhea, colitis and enterocolitis, accompanied by diarrhea, externally in the form of powdered cake for poultices. Decorative plant. The stem of the plant contains fiber suitable for making twine. In cultivation, Austrian flax fiber improves its properties and approaches low-quality fiber flax varieties. 1 teaspoon of Austrian flax seeds per 1 glass of water, cook over low heat for 4-5 minutes, leave for 1 hour, strain. Add boiled water to the original volume. Take 2 tablespoons 3 times a day before meals.

Weeds belong to the Chenopoaceae family.

Cultures.

They are most often found on row crops, grains, and perennial grasses.

Prevalence.

Everywhere.

Description.

Spreading. Cotyledons are 18…24 mm long, 3…4 mm wide, oblong-linear-ovate, fleshy, on small petioles. The first leaves are 20...30 mm long, 12...18 mm wide, ovate, slightly wavy along the edge and notched-toothed, obtuse, subsequent leaves are notched-toothed along the edge. The seedlings are covered with a granular coating. Epicotyl with longitudinal grooves. The hypocotyl is greenish above. Tap root. The stem is straight, branched, glabrous, 30...120 cm high. The upper leaves are alternate, glabrous, the lower leaves are unequally rhombic, with a wide wedge-shaped base, arrow-shaped, the upper leaves are lanceolate, entire. The flowers are collected in dense spike-shaped inflorescences. The fruit is a quadrangular, dark greenish-brown or dark brown, rounded-compressed nut, length 1.25...1.75, width 0.75...1, thickness 0.5...0.8 mm. Weight of 1000 nuts is 1.25 g.

Tatar. Cotyledons are 12...24 mm long, 2...6 mm wide, oblong-linear-ovate. The first pair of leaves is 12...25 mm long, 8...12 mm wide, ovate, less often elliptical, unevenly wavy-toothed along the edge, on petioles. The top and especially the bottom of the plates are covered with a silvery powdery coating. The epicotyl is low. The hypocotyl is slightly pinkish-green above. The root is taproot, strong. The stem is straight, spreading, sometimes recumbent, longitudinally grooved, up to 150 cm high. The upper leaves are alternate, unevenly notched-toothed along the edges, the lower ones are triangular-ovate, sometimes three-lobed-spear-shaped, the upper leaves are covered with silvery scales, especially densely at the bottom. The leaf blades are uneven, unevenly wavy, and sparsely toothed along the edges. The flowers are collected in dense, leafless, spike-shaped inflorescences. The fruit is round-compressed, straw-yellow, grayish-green or whitish-yellow, small-spotted shiny nut, in a perianth, length 2...2.5, width 3...4, thickness 1...1.5 mm. The weight of 1000 nuts is about 1 g.

Weed biology.

Spring annuals.

Spreading. Shoots appear in March - May. Blooms in July - September. Fruits in August - October. Fertility is up to 1600 nuts, which germinate in the soil from a depth of no more than 5 cm.

Tatar. Shoots appear in March - May. Blooms in July - September. Fruits in September - October.

Conditions affecting weed development.

The minimum germination temperature for quinoa and quinoa nuts is 3...4 °C, the optimal temperature is 20...22 °C. Quinoa species grow in abundance in moist soils.

Preparations for protection.

Agrotechnical control measures.

Compliance with agricultural technology.

The plant belongs to the Amaranth family of the Dicotyledonous class. Quinoa (its Latin name is Atriplex) was mentioned by Pliny. The Russian name for quinoa is associated with the presence of a white rash on the leaves, as well as with the word “swan” and the Latin word for “white” (albus).

Name in other languages:

• English - Orache;
• fr. - Arroche hastee.

Appearance

Quinoa can be an annual herb, shrub, subshrub or perennial herb.

The leaves are arranged alternately and are represented by solid blades. The plant usually has silvery hairs that make it look like it has been dusted with flour.

Quinoa is a monoecious plant, therefore both male (distinguished by the presence of a five-membered perianth) and female (represented in a column with 2 stigmas and 2 fused or free bracts) flowers are located on the same plant.

Kinds

There are more than 250 species of this plant.

The most common types of quinoa are:

Garden (edible)

The height of the plant is 60-150 centimeters. It has a straight, branched bare stem, matte leaves, the same color on both sides (beet red or green), with a jagged or smooth edge.

The tops of the leaves are elongated and pointed. The inflorescences of this type of quinoa are paniculate and spike-shaped.

This quinoa blooms almost all summer - until the second ten days of August.

The plant is ornamental and vegetable. A variety of dishes are prepared with it.

It is also used in wool dyeing.

Garden quinoa has a beet color

Spreading

It is the most popular species in Russia.

The stem of this type of quinoa has a height of 30-100 centimeters. It is straight and bare, the branches extend upward or horizontally from the stem. This plant has a tap root.

The leaves are green (the same on both sides). They have a short petiole, lanceolate shape and entire edges (the lower leaves may be jagged or have a different shape).

Flowers are presented in spike-shaped inflorescences.

This quinoa blooms in June and July.

It is an edible plant that is consumed fresh, pickled and boiled. This type of quinoa is also used as feed for cattle and horses.

Spreading quinoa is eaten in any form

Small-flowered

It is a forage and food plant up to 1 meter high. It has a branched stem with yellow-green stripes.

The leaves of this type of quinoa can be either bare or with a silver-gray coating. They react to sunlight.

This quinoa blooms in July and also in August.

Quinoa parviflora in midsummer

Krasivokrudnik

It is an annual plant with a straight stem 30-100 centimeters high, thin leaves, paniculate inflorescences.

Blooms in July and August.

The plant is a fodder plant for cattle and small livestock, as well as for horses. People eat this type of quinoa fresh, boil it or ferment it.

Quinoa has paniculate inflorescences

Early

The plant is distinguished by its small height (up to 35 centimeters), the presence of a curved or curved stem, spike-shaped inflorescences, oblong leaves with solid edges.

This type of quinoa has no economic significance.

Early quinoa has very tender leaves

Coastal

The height of this species is 20-70 centimeters.

The plant is distinguished by a bare branched straight stem, alternate green leaves of a lanceolate shape with a solid edge and a sharp end, as well as flowers collected in spikes.

This quinoa blooms in the second half of summer.

The plant is eaten as a substitute for spinach.

Coastal quinoa can be substituted for spinach in salads.

Tatar

It is an annual plant whose height is 10-100 centimeters. This type of quinoa has serrated oblong leaves (often ovoid).

It begins to bloom in June.

The plant is used as food and also as animal feed.

Tartary quinoa with serrated oblong leaves

Where does it grow

The plant is distributed throughout the planet and is found in both wild and cultivated species. Quinoa is often a weed, so it can be found on the shore of a reservoir, in a ravine, in a vacant lot and in similar places.

The largest variety of edible quinoa grows in North America, as well as Australia.

Method of making spices

Quinoa grass is harvested when the plant begins to bloom. You can air dry the grass or use a dryer.

The dried plant can be stored whole or crushed. You can also grind it into powder.

In addition to drying, quinoa can be frozen, pickled, salted or fermented.

Peculiarities

• The plant is almost tasteless.
• Quinoa also has almost no odor.

Nutritional value and calorie content

The ratio of nutrients is protein 15%, carbohydrates 70%, fat 15%.

100 g of quinoa contains 368 kcal, 14.12 g of protein, 64.16 g of carbohydrates and 6.07 g of fat.

Chemical composition

The green part of the plant contains:

• oxalic acid;
• protein;
• cellulose;
• essential oil;
• macroelements;
• vitamins (PP, E, C, A and others);
• alkaloids;
• microelements;
• saponins.

Quinoa seeds contain a lot of protein, starch, fat and sugar.

Beneficial features

• General strengthening of the body.
• Reducing pain.
• Expectorant action.

Contraindications

• The plant is not recommended for cholelithiasis and urolithiasis.
• Eating quinoa for a long time can aggravate diseases of the nervous and digestive systems.

Juice

Fresh quinoa juice has a mild stimulating effect on intestinal function. It enhances peristalsis, but does not irritate the mucous membranes. It is recommended to take quinoa juice for constipation by drinking 1/4 cup of fresh juice in the morning on an empty stomach.

Quinoa juice helps bowel function

Application

In cooking

• Many types of quinoa are edible and used as a spice, but the main type used by people as food is quinoa.
• The plant is consumed at a young age - before it blooms.
• Vegetarians love quinoa cutlets.
• You can make vegetable puree from scalded leaves.
• Fresh quinoa is added to salads, botvinya, cold or hot vegetable soup, borscht, and omelet.
• Quinoa is mixed into flour to make wheat or rye bread more nutritious. In addition, such bread bakes better and does not spoil for a long time.
• Young leaves of the plant are fermented like cabbage.
• Quinoa seeds are used in the preparation of various porridges.

Quinoa can be used in a wide variety of dishes.

Pies filled with quinoa and eggs are worth a try for everyone.

Soup

Chop quinoa (200 grams of leaves) and sorrel (60 grams). Bring 600 ml of water to a boil, place the greens in the water and cook until tender. When serving, add sour cream, chopped cucumber, dill or green onions to the soup.

Cutlets

Take quinoa leaves (200 grams) and onions (50 grams), chop and mix with a raw egg and 30 g of oatmeal (flakes or cereal). Add salt and pepper, form cutlets and roll them in breadcrumbs, then fry.

Salad

Finely chop the quinoa grass, add chopped boiled eggs, grated boiled beets, then season with a mixture of mayonnaise and mustard.

Dessert

Grind 20 grams of fresh quinoa, add any jam and a tablespoon of lemon juice.

Pancakes

Wash 500 grams of quinoa well, chop the grass and boil in water with salt, then strain and simmer in a frying pan (add a little vegetable oil and set the heat to low) until the liquid evaporates. Mix 0.5 cups of milk, a cup of flour, two eggs, a dessert spoon of vegetable oil and 40-50 g of hard cheese, knead the dough. Let it sit for one hour, then add the quinoa to the dough. Scoop the mass with a spoon and fry on both sides.

Salad

Chop quinoa leaves and cabbage, taken in a 1:2 ratio, add salt and season to taste. In this salad, cabbage can be replaced with any other vegetables.

In medicine

The plant is used as a folk remedy for various problems.

Quinoa is used:

• for liver diseases;
• in the treatment of lung diseases;
• with pathology of the urinary organs;
• for bruises (quinoa reduces swelling, pain and inflammation);
• with inflammation of the joints;
• to normalize heart function and prevent myocardial infarction (due to the large amount of potassium);
• to normalize digestion (it is recommended to eat fresh herbs).

For inflammation in the oral cavity

Pour 20 g of dried quinoa with a glass of boiling water, then strain. Rinse your mouth with the prepared decoction 5-6 times a day until the condition improves. Since this decoction strengthens the gums and prevents the appearance of an unpleasant odor, it can be used periodically by healthy people.

Treatment of dry cough

If the patient has a dry cough and the sputum is viscous, prepare quinoa tea by steeping a teaspoon of the herb in a glass of boiling water. After steeping and allowing the drink to cool, add honey to it and drink 3 times a day. The substances contained in quinoa will thin phlegm, and honey will help remove it from the respiratory tract.